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Arabic to English English to Arabic
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Sample translations submitted: 1
Arabic to English: اسباب وأعراض السكتة الدماغية General field: Medical Detailed field: Medical (general)
Source text - Arabic في كل عام يصاب ما نسبته حوالي واحد من كل 200 شخص بنوبة فاقة دموية عابرة تعرف في الأوساط الطبية باسم "TIA".
تعني كلمة "عابرة" مؤقتة، أما كلمتا "فاقة دموية" فتعنيان نقصا" في الأوكسيجين. وتنشأ نوبات TIA عن نقص في الأوكسجين الواصل الى الدماغ، ويكون ذلك عادة بسبب محدودية إمدادات الدم الناجمة عن تضيق الشرايين.
إن TIA ليست سكتة دماغية، ولكنها شديدة الشبه بها. والاختلاف الرئيسي بينهما هو أن تدفّق الدم الى الدماغ ينقطع مؤقتا" فقط، بينما يكون انقطاع الدم في السكتة الدماغية بصورة دائمة.
والطريقة المعتادة لمعالجة نوبة TIA هي إعطاء أدوية مسيّلة للدم بهدف الحد من خطر التجلّط. ويشيع استخدام الأسبيرين لهذا الغرض، علما" بأنه يمكن وصف أدوية أخرى تعرف باسم مضادات التخثّر.
ومن الضروري للغاية أن يبادر المدخّنون الذين يصابون بنوبات TIA الى بذل كل ما بوسعهم للإقلاع عن التدخين.
إذا كانت لديك أعراض تشير الى إصابتك بنوبة TIA راجع طبيبك. فالتشخيص والعلاج في مرحلة مبكرة يمكن أن يقيا من الإصابة بسكتة دماغية
تحدث السكتة الدماغية نتيجة نوعين من الخلل الذي يحدث في عملية إمداد المخ بالدم.
سكتة نتيجة قلة الدموية :
تحدث معظم أنواع السكتة الدماغية نتيجة ضيق الشرايين أو لتجمّع الدهون. ويؤدي ذلك الى ضعف عملية تدفّق الدم في الشرايين أو في وجود كتلة دموية كبيرة وتكون عائقا" أمام عملية تدفق الدم. هناك أسباب أخرى للإصابة، مثل حالة عدم انتظام ضربات القلب قد تؤدي الى تكوين كتلة دموية تزيد من فرص حدوث سكتة دماغية.
سكتة نتيجة النزيف الدموي :
يحدث هذا النوع منالسكتة الدماغية في حالة حدوث تسّرب الدم من الأوعية الدموية في المخ. عندما يحدث ذلك، يتسّرب الدم الى الأنسجة المحيطة بالمخ ويدمر الخلايا. والسبب الرئيسي لحدوث نزيف دموي في المخ هو ارتفاع ضغط الدم.
عوامل الخطورة :
هناك عوامل كثيرة تزيد من فرص الإصابة بالسكتة الدماغية، وكثير منها يزيد أيضا من فرص إصابتك بالأزمة القلبية.
التاريخ الطبي :
تزيد فرصة إصابتك بالسكتة الدماغية إذا حدثت هذه الحالة لأحد أعضاء الأسرة (الوالدين أو أحد الأخوة أو الأخوات).
الجنس :
تزيد فرص الإصابة عند الرجال أكثر من السيدات حتى سن 55 عاما". لكن قرص الإصابة تتساوى عند الرجال والسيدات بعد هذا السن.
إرتفاع ضغط الدم :
يزيد إرتفاع ضغط الدم من فرص الإصابة بالسكتة الدماغية من 4 الى 6 أضعاف. وهنام عوامل أخرى ترتبط بارتفاع ضغط الدم منها ضعف الغذاء، وقلة النشاط البدني، وزيادة وزن الجسم.
والسن من العوامل أيضا"، حيث تزداد فرصة الإصابة بالسكتة بعد سن ال 35.
Translation - English Each year around 1 out of 200 people have a transient ischemic attack, medically known as ‘TIA’.
The word “transient” means temporary, whereas the word “ischemic” means lacking in oxygen. TIAs arise due to insufficient oxygen reaching the brain, usually because of limited blood supply due to the narrowing of the arteries.
The TIA is not a stroke, but it is very similar to it. The main difference between them is that blood flow to the brain is only temporarily interrupted, whereas it stops permanently during a stroke.
A TIA is usually treated with blood thinners to prevent coagulation. Aspirin is commonly used for this purpose, although other medications known as anti-coagulants may be prescribed.
It is very important that smokers who experience TIAs do their best to stop smoking.
If you have symptoms indicating that you had a TIA, consult your doctor. Diagnosis and early treatment can preventa stroke.
A stroke occurs as a result of two kinds of defects which occur when blood flows to the brain
Ischemic stroke:
Most types of strokes occur due to the narrowing of the arteries or fat build up. This reduces blood flow in the arteries or creates a big blood clot which obstructs blood supply. There are other causes for this injury, such as irregular heart beats which may lead to the formation of blood clots, which increase chances of a stroke.
Haemorrhagic stroke:
This type of stroke occurs when blood leaks from the brain's blood vessels. When that occurs, blood leaks to surrounding brain tissues and destroys the cells. The main reason that bleeding occurs in the brain is high blood pressure.
Risk factors:
There are many factors which increase the chances of having a stroke and many of them also increase chances of having a heart attack.
Family medical history:
Your chances of having a stroke increase if this condition has occurred to one of your family members (parents or siblings).
Gender:
Men are more prone to strokes than women until the age of 55. However, chances are equal for men and women after this age.
High blood pressure
High blood pressure increases chances of having a stroke 4 to 6 times. There are other factors which are related to high blood pressure such as poor diet, lack of physical activity as well as being overweight.
Age is also a factor, where chances pf having a stroke increase after the age of 35.
Arabic to English (RMIT University, verified) English to Arabic (RMIT University, verified)
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Bio
A motivated, task-oriented and efficient bilingual Graduate from the American University of Beirut, lived and worked in the Arabian Gulf region for over 10 years, specifically in the UAE and Qatar with a long exposure to the Lebanese, Syrian, Gulf and Libyan cultures, languages and dialects. In the course of my career, I have performed several translating and interpreting assignments and have been living in a Western household since 2015.I am currently in the process of transitioning to the new NAATI Certification and have a Statement of Attainment for completing the Translating & Interpreting skills course for the NAATI certification from RMIT University.
Services: Performing translating of business, medical, legal and governmental documentation accurately and in accordance with industry standards. Documents include but are not limited to: 1- Business & Legal agreements (cooperation agreements, partnership agreements, commission agreements), contracts, handbooks, catalogues, letters, emails, websites and templates related to investments, international trading, real estate, brands and other business lines. 2- Medical Translating - high-end medical terminologies, medical reports of all types as well as medical/pharmaceutical documentation. - Government documents ( Birth Certificate, Death record, Marriage Certificate, Divorce Certificate, Driver's License, Educational Certificate, Employment Certificate, Police Clearance, Passports, Baptism certificate, Birth & Baptism and others)
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